Psychosexual theory Essay

Sigmund Freud was born 1856 in Moravian town of Freiburg, and was the oldest of 8 baby birdren. Freud was a keen child who had planned to study law, instead attending the medical faculty at University of Vienna. He went on to study and find a cure for troubled adults, where the patient talked by dint of their problems of childhood. The goal of this was to realise emotions that had been trap in the unconscious mind of the adult. Freud believed that sexual life and early childhood evolution was a component in troubled adults in adulthood. This look overtakes to Freuds psychosexual theory. ( Thurschwell, 2000).Freud composed the concept that there ar three parts that make up genius in the brain. These three parts of personality are Id, selftism and super ego. The Id is the largest portion of the mind and is the only part of personality that is present from birth. ( Berk, 2009). The function of the Id is to sate the basic wants and needs. Example, eating, sleeping, drinking. This component is essential in infants to ensure their needs and wants are met. A baby testament continuously cry until the demands of the Id are met. However the wants and demands of the Id are not realistic or needed, this is where the Ego takes force.The Ego develops in early infancy and its job is to control and satisfy the Ids impulses so they are realistic in the real world. Between the ages of 3-6 years, the Superego develops. The superego holds whats right and wrong in, morals and rules that spend a penny been tick offt from parents and society. To have a mature personality structure one most have a good balance between the Id, ego and superego. Id, ego and superego become integrated into Freuds theory of psychosexual theory. (Louw, 2002).Freud constructed his theory c alled Psychosexual theory, which emphasizes that how parents manage their childs sexual and aggressive drives in the low few years is crucial for healthy personality development. ( Berk, 2009, pg. 16). Ps ychosexual theory consisted of 5 stages of development. Oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital. Oral stage occurs between birth- 1 year in this stage the focus is on the mouth and sucking activities. If the oral needs for sucking are not meet in this stage it could turn tail to later problems in life, such as thumb sucking, sens and over eating. Anal stage 1-3 years, toilet training takes place between parent and child.This stage is where children first have an encounter with rules. If to many or to few demands in this stage are made it could lead to orderliness, messiness and disorders in later life. Phallic stage 3- 6 years, focus moves to the genital area. tiddlerren start to have desires for the opposite sex parent and move away from the same sex parent. Children then have to learn to suppress these feelings and adopt the same sex parents characteristics.If these feelings are not suppressed it could lead to confusion of sexual identity. The superego kicks in, in the phallic stage. Latiency 6-11 years, Childrens sexual instincts arent so strong and magnetic inclination to playing and interacting with same sex. Superego has developed more, morals and social rules are learnt from parents and society. Last stage of development is the genital stage, which occurs in adolescence, puberty starts to occur and sexual impulses appear again. If a child has developed properly through previous stages it will lead to, marriage, sex and birth. (Louw, 2002).Freuds psychosexual theory was one of the first theories to research into the relationship between parent and child in early years. Eventually more researchers researched into Freuds theory, discovering that all Freuds research was not faultless. Freuds work has been criticized for, not taking other cultures into consideration, not poring over children directly and over use of sexual feelings in development. Like Piagets theory it is unassailable to use their ideas in learning and development today in New Zeala nd, as there is a lot of reprimand around their work. Research into child development has expanded over the years and information is more accurate and useful. ( Newman & Newman, 2007).Freud and Piaget influenced future theorists into more in-depth research in child development. Both Freud and Piaget used the idea of childrens development being discontinuous and in stages. Piaget centre on sexual drive in young children, Piaget focused on children develop as they adapt to their environment. Both theorists have had criticism surrounded their work which makes it hard to relate their theorys to learning and development in New Zealand today. (Berk, 2009).Reference ListBerk, L. (2009). Child development ( 8th ed). United States, Pearsons Publishing.Dennis, C., & Mitterer, O.J. (2006) Introduction to psychology Gateways to mind and behaviour. United States, Wadsworth Publishinghttp//www.sparknotes.com