'Introduction of Green Building Material Essay\r'

'Materials argon the gouge of economic vivificationtime in our industrial world. They take on the resource inputs and the product outputs of industrial proceeds. How we handle them is a study determinant of real economic efficiency, and withal has a major feign on our health and the health of the natural environment The built-environment is in addition a strategic realm of social, economic and environmental change.\r\n versatile writers have stated that spatial redesign of the landscape and built-environment may be the single most impelling means of achieving new levels of efficiency and sustainability (Lyle, 1994; Mollison, 1983; Alexander, 1977; Van der Ryn & ampere;amp; Cowan, 1996). grammatical construction corporals ar in any case kind of important. They have been estimated that build seculars make up forty percent of material through-put of entire economy (Milani, 2001).\r\nIn the book â€Å"Green Building: Project cooking and Cost Estimating”, Keenan and Georges (2002) identified some key characteristics of squirt building materials. As regards green building materials, they should be healthy for the internal environment, healthy for the natural environment, smirch building energy use, have low somatic energy, be reusable, recyclable and/or biodegradable, and be locally obtained. Embodied energy is a concept that takes into study several factors to determine the energy needed to mystify a product and poop be apply as a comparison between contrastive materials.\r\nThere is some controversy surrounding bodied energy as there is no internationally agreed method for calculating this value and galore(postnominal) generation it is not known what has been accounted for (Woolley and Kimmins, 2005). For example, cement has an bodied energy of 7. 8 MJ/kg, art object virgin trade name is 32. 0, and recycled stain is 10. 1 MJ/kg (Keenan and Georges, 2002). In these set however, consideration is not given to transportation , durability, reuse and recycling. These factors could importantly alter the original values.\r\nBuilding materials are also the stuff of our personal environments. They are all close to us, and literally part of the gentle wind we breathe. They tooshie cost the biosphere: VOCs from paints al 1 are responsible for(p) for perhaps 9 percent of the cost to the ozone layer. They can also damage us: the US Environmental Protection place (EPA), for example, estimates that indoor pollutionâ€ca apply by materials like paints, plastics and particleboardsâ€is responsible for to a greater extent than 11,000 deaths each year from cancer, kidney failure, and respiratory sacrifice (Ligon, 2001).\r\nThe fact that buildings are all around us means not only that they immediately impact us, but that we can potentially affect them. The building industry is a decentralized one that exists in virtually every community. Not surprisingly, the built-environment is a major venue for ecologica l and community development alternatives, with materials be an increasing centering of concern over the aside decade.\r\nThe first is the scratch on Materials and Resources. This section consists of one prerequisite and eight convictions. The eight credits focus on reuse and management of construction and destruction waste; use refurbished or reused materials and materials with a recycled depicted object; using regional and rapidly renewing materials; and in conclusion if new woodlandwind instrument must be used, using products certified accordance with the Forest Stewardship Councils principles and criteria The second section which pertains to building materials is Indoor Environmental Quality.\r\nThe important credit is number four: Low Emitting Materials. For this credit, the Volatile innate Carbon (VOC) content of adhesives and sealants must be little than the VOC content limits of the State of California South gliding Air Quality Management District’s (SCAQMD ) rule number 1168 from October 2003. For paints, the VOC content must be little than the VOC and chemical component limits of the Green Seals amount GS-11 from January 1997. Composite wood and laminate adhesives must contain no added urea formaldehyde resins.\r\nConcrete is a impregnable and durable material with a high heating plant storage capacity (Keenan and Georges, 2002). It is good from an indoor oxygenize quality standpoint as it is inert. The problems associated with concrete are washout water at concrete plants which can have a high pH, and the use of cement as a binding agent in concrete. Cement is very energy intensive and is a major contributor of greenhouse gases. To counteract this, up to 70% of cement in concrete can be replaced with fly ash. Fly ash is a waste product from coal fired plants.\r\nBrick, obturate and stone have a low be energy and are therefore environmentally hail-fellow-well-met materials (Keenan and Georges, 2002). To avoid added impacts of transportation, local masonry should be used where available. geomorphologic FRAMING An ongoing environmental debate is wood versus steel as components for framing. Both materials have been injurious to the environment and both have advantages and disadvantages. One of the advantages of wood is that it is a natural insulator while steel is a conductor. Steel is 400 times more conductive than wood (Keenan and Georges, 2002).\r\nOne of the disadvantages of wood is that it of necessity to be treated with preservatives which can be deadly and render the wood non-biodegradable. Steel on the other(a) hand offers resistance to insects and water rot. Steel is also recyclable. The choice between steel and wood should number on the application they are being used for. Wood may be more environmentally friendly if you can use non-treated and certified wood. The production process is less energy intensive than for steel, and creates less pollution and environmental degradation than the mini ng and bear upon of steel (Keenan, A. , and Georges, D. , 2002). INSULATION\r\nSome of the considerations which need to be taken in account when choosing an insulation material are: 1) does it retard airflow, 2) which type will can the best Rvalue within a reasonable thickness, 3) does it specify health risks, and 4) does it contain ozone depleting chemicals (Keenan and Georges, 2002). In the Green Building Handbook, the authors offered their choices for â€Å"best buys”. Their top three choices were wool, cellulose fiber, and cork. These choices are thermally as good as conventional insulators (Woolley and Kimmins, 2005). Cellulose character reference is made from processed waste paper, with added borates for fire and fellow resistance.\r\nIt is made into a fluff that can either be placed by hand or sprayed (Woolley and Kimmins, 2005). Insulation corkboard is produced by cooking cork granules at high temperature and pressure. The granules bond themselves together with their own resins (Woolley and Kimmins, 2005). jacket For materials used in hooding, durability is critical. One natural selection for materials is metals, such as copper, steel and aluminium. Metal roofs are good because they can be made of recycled material and can be recycled at the end of their life cycle. They also last longer than asphalt (Frej, 2005).\r\n coolheaded roofs are an option that can be usable in both mild and hot climates. The roof material is covered with a reflective close. This lotion retards the building from getting hot, reduces heat island effects and prolongs the life of a roof (Keenan and Georges, 2002). A non-petroleum based coating should be used. Living â€Å"green” roofs are other option. Green roofs are roofs that are partially or completely covered with soil and vegetation. These roofs provide environmental cooling, habitat, added insulation, storm water management, natural beauty, cleaner air and can extend the life of a roof (Keenan a nd Georges, 2002).\r\nOne source suggested two to three times longer than a conventional roof (Frej, 2005) while another suggested they can extend the life up to 100% (Keenan and Georges, 2002). Planted roofs can require more maintenance and require a system to prevent root penetration and water seepage.\r\n'