Radiography in Ureterocele

Radiography in UreteroceleAshley NormanOne day wanting to be a mother, I can imagine that all you solicit for is there to be no complications throughout the pregnancy. Walking into a doctors appointment for a routine ultrasound to check the baby and having the doctor say, maam your baby has hydr unityphrosis and an ureterocele, would be a very scary moment of the unknown. Because ureteroceles only occurs in roughly one of every 1,000 births, there would be many questions such as what is an ureterocele, what tests will have to be done and what interferences will need to be taken (UCSF). As this became a reality to a friend of mine, all the questions must be answered. The bowl of radiography has different modalities and studies that use medical imaging that can diagnose and watch the condition of Ureteroceles.At nineteen weeks pregnant, Emily was told that Trent had severe hydronephrosis in his right kidney found on the ultrasound (Davis, 2014). One might be wondering, what is hydr onephrosis? It is the distention of renal pelvis and calyces with urine (Eugene D. Frank, 2012). Another ultrasound done at twenty-four weeks showed the ureterocele. An ureterocele, a congenital condition, is a ballooning of the lower end of the ureter inside the vesica (capital of Massachusetts) (Philadelphia). This may cause luck or the entire stream of urine from flowing freely into the bladder. It may similarly cause the reluctant flow of urine into the boors kidney causing vesicoureteral reflux or VUR (Philadelphia). Ureteroceles are ten time more common in girls than boys, occur most often in Caucasians and vary in sizing (Boston). Trent is Caucasian, though he is a more rare case being a boy. Like Trents, the ureterocele is keep to be seen on the ultrasounds throughout the pregnancy.As rigid, Ureteroceles are most commonly found from an ultrasound forrader the chela is born or within a few days after birth. They are also use often to manage babies with hydronephrosis (Philadelphia) (UCSF). This modality of radiology called ultrasound or sonography is a noninvasive procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce echoes within the body. The transducer sends and receives sound wave signals as it is moved over the uprise of the body producing an image in real-time on a computer superintending device. Learning the due date, uncover the presence of more than one child and the sex of the child or children are all acquainted(predicate) things that ultrasound determines. Conditions affecting the variety meat and tissues of the body such as the heart, gallbladder, liver, kidneys, and bladder may be determined by the use of sonography (WebMD Ultrasound). A renal bladder ultrasound is often used because its set off is specifically on the kidneys and bladder (Boston). The severity of the babies hydronephrosis and the presence of an ureterocele is valuable information shown on the RUS for the doctor. At about 16 or a18 months old, Trent had an RUS before he had surgery. Post surgery, Trent had another RUS to check the status (Davis, 2014). Again, ultrasound or sonography is the most common modality used to find Ureteroceles.Another study done to separate or evaluate the ureterocele is a voiding cysto-urethrogram or VCUG. The child will have a catheter fixed through the urethra into the bladder (Philadelphia). A contrast material will be introduced against the normal flow or retrograde (Eugene D. Frank, 2012). As the contrast is filling the bladder fluoroscopy will be used to take pictures. Fluoroscopy is a type of medical imaging that is real-time showing continuous x-ray images on a monitor (FDA). Pictures will continue to be taken until the bladder is full and then again as the child voids or urinates. The VCUG study is done to confirm if VUR, reflux or backwash of urine into the ureter, is occurring because this would affect how the ureterocele is do by (UCSF). A VCUG was performed on Trent pre and post surgery ( Davis, 2014). This procedure may be done more than erst magical spell to continue to monitor the size and severity of the ureterocele along with any harm that may develop to the childs kidneys.Nuclear medicine is another modality of radiography that uses a special camera, gamma, to take pictures of tissues and organs in the body after a radioactive tracer, either radionuclide or radioisotope, is put in the venous blood vessel in the arm and is absorbed by the tissues and organs. The radioactive tracer shows the activity and turn of the tissues or organs (WebMD Nuclear Medicine). A nuclear renal scan is done using nuclear medicine with one of two types of substances DTPA or Mag3. Both are radiopharmaceuticals that may be used but very untested children or someone with poor kidney functions will have better images if Mag3 is used (Nandurkar, 2009). The difference in function between the two kidneys may be measured along with the degree of blockage in the urinary system (Boston). B efore surgery, a Mag3 scan was completed on Trent giving information on why the surgery was being performed and the severity (Davis, 2014). Using this modality of radiography, Nuclear Medicine, and its renal scanning test, ureteroceles may be identified and monitored.Finally, the modality of Magnetic Resonance Imaging or MRI may be used for ureteroceles. MRI is a noninvasive diagnostic modality that does not use ionizing radiation. The images on the computer monitor are provided by a powerful magnetic scene of action and radio frequency pulses that are combine to produce a radio signal in the body that can be detected and neat electronically (Ehrlich, 2009). Although Trent has not had an MRI yet, when he does there will be very detailed pictures of the kidneys, ureters and bladder that can be taken and stored for diagnosis, monitoring and comparing of ureteroceles (Davis, 2014).The treatment of an ureterocele is dependent upon many factors such as the size, degree of obstruction, function of the kidney, presence of VUR and affects of the bladder. Although not all are helped by endoscopic surgery, it is one treatment that may be used to fix the ureterocele (Boston). Trents doctors at the Childrens Hospital in unused Orleans chose this treatment. The endoscopic surgery is a minor procedure, no incisions made, which is usually done in an outpatient setting. A cystoscope, a lighted tube, is inserted into the urethral opening to see inside the bladder showing areas that may not show up well on X-ray images (Philadelphia). When the ureterocele is reached it will be punctured or popped, because relieving any obstruction. After the puncture, a VCUG is often performed to look for any reflux. Renal ultrasounds are also performed followers the puncture to ensure that any dilation has improved and that the ureterocele has gone away (UCSF).Unfortunately, Trent was a case that the endoscopic surgery did not help (Davis, 2014). His mom and dad now have a waiting juicy to see if any further actions must be taken to try and solve his ureterocele. Through the field of radiology, different modalities and studies, Trent can be monitored and enjoy being a little boy, doing what little boys enjoy while his mom and dad trust the field of radiography and the advances that continue to keep their baby safe.Works CitedBoston, C. H. (n.d.). Ureterocele. Retrieved February 16, 2014, from Boston Childrens Hospital http//www.childrenshospital.org/health-topics/conditions/ureteroceleDavis, E. (2014, February). (A. Norman, Interviewer)Ehrlich, R. A. (2009). Patient Care in Radiography. Missouri.Eugene D. Frank, B. W. (2012). Merrills Atlas of Radiographic Positioning and Procedures. Missouri Jeanne Olson.FDA. (n.d.). Medical roentgen ray Imaging Fluoroscopy. Retrieved March 4, 2014, from FDA Gov http//www.fda.gov/Radiation-EmittingProducts/RadiationEmittingProductsandProcedures/MedicalImaging/MedicalX-Rays/ucm115354.htmNandurkar, M. M. (2009, May 01). Nuclear M edicine Renal Scan. Retrieved March 4, 2014, from Inside Radiology http//www.insideradiology.com.au/pages/view.php?T_id=43.UyHAJVBdW8APhiladelphia, T. C. (n.d.). Ureterocele. Retrieved February 16, 2014, from The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia http//www.chop.edu/healthinfo/ureterocele.htmlUCSF, D. o. (n.d.). Ureteroceles. Retrieved February 16, 2014, from University of California, Department of Urology https//urology.ucsf.edu/patient-care/children/urinary-tract-obstruction/ureterocelesWebMD Nuclear Medicine, T. (n.d.). Nuclear Mediciine Scan. Retrieved March 4, 2014, from WebMD http//www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/nuclear-medicine-scan-topic-overviewWebMD Ultrasound, T. (n.d.). What is an Ultrasound? Retrieved February 16, 2014, from WebMD http//www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-an-ultrasound